During their professional activity, teachers have always sought to adopt a creative approach to providing quality education. However, a new concept has emerged in the field of pedagogy—learner-centered education. Before analyzing the interrelation and distinctive aspects of instructional and learner-centered methodologies in teaching biology, this article first addresses the history of the introduction of this concept into the discipline, along with the characteristics, aims, and other pedagogical and psychological aspects of learner-centered education. Subsequently, it examines the learner-oriented features of the methods used in the process of teaching biology.